Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland underperforms and does not produce enough thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, depression, and cardiovascular issues. Therefore, choosing the right diet for individuals with hypothyroidism is crucial to provide essential nutrients that support thyroid function and help alleviate symptoms. Let’s explore some dietary guidelines for people with hypothyroidism in the article below. Book a check-up appointment via the link

Which nutrients and foods are best for hypothyroidism?

Iodine
Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production. However, people with hypothyroidism should avoid excessive iodine intake, as it may interfere with treatment. Foods like seafood (fish, shrimp, crab) and seaweed are good sources of iodine but should be consumed in moderation.

Selenium
Selenium helps enhance thyroid function and the metabolism of thyroid hormones. Foods rich in selenium include fish, eggs, mushrooms, and seeds like flaxseeds and chia seeds.

Zinc
Zinc plays an important role in supporting thyroid function. Foods rich in zinc include red meat, seafood (like oysters and fish), beans, pumpkin seeds, and other types of nuts.

Vegetables and fruits
Green vegetables such as kale, lettuce, broccoli, carrots, and fruits like apples, bananas, oranges, and avocados provide vitamins and fiber, aiding digestion. Broccoli and kale, when cooked, contain less goitrogens and are high in fiber.

Healthy fats
People with hypothyroidism should include healthy fats such as olive oil, coconut oil, flaxseed oil, and seeds like chia and walnuts. These fats support heart health and help reduce inflammation.

People with hypothyroidism should include healthy fats such as olive oil, coconut oil, and oils from various nuts and seeds in their diet.

Protein
Protein helps maintain muscle mass and overall health. Good sources include poultry, fish, eggs, beans, tofu, and legumes.

Calcium and vitamin D
People with hypothyroidism are prone to bone density issues, so adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D is important. Calcium-rich foods include milk, cheese, yogurt, kale, and broccoli. Vitamin D can be obtained from fatty fish (like salmon and tuna), egg yolks, and sunlight exposure.

What foods should people with hypothyroidism avoid?

Goitrogens
Goitrogens are compounds that may reduce thyroid function if consumed in large amounts. Foods such as cabbage, kale, bok choy, radishes, and soy contain goitrogens. However, cooking these foods reduces their goitrogenic effects, so they can still be consumed when properly cooked.

Processed and fast foods
People with hypothyroidism should avoid processed foods, fast food, and foods high in sugar and saturated fats, as they may lead to unwanted weight gain and heart health problems.

Caffeine and alcohol
Limit intake of caffeinated beverages (such as coffee, black tea, and soft drinks), as they may cause anxiety, increased heart rate, and sleep disturbances. Alcoholic drinks should also be limited since they can interact with thyroid medications.

A balanced diet for people with hypothyroidism

Maintain a reasonable calorie intake
People with hypothyroidism are more likely to gain weight, but still need enough energy for normal body functions. It’s important to monitor and control calorie intake based on individual needs and health status.

Drink enough water
Ensure you drink enough water each day (about 2–2.5 liters) to maintain metabolism and aid digestion, especially for those experiencing constipation.

Medication guidelines for hypothyroidism

Do not take thyroid medication at the same time as foods containing calcium, iron, or soy. These can reduce the absorption of thyroid medications (such as levothyroxine). It is best to take your medication at least 30–60 minutes before meals.

Preventing hypothyroidism

Regular health screenings play a vital role in the early prevention of diseases and contribute significantly to long-term improvement in quality of life.

People with hypothyroidism should regularly monitor their health and consult with a doctor or nutritionist to adjust their diet and treatment plan accordingly.
A balanced diet combined with medical treatment can help maintain health and improve quality of life.

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